Spine curvature and the cardiopulmonary exercise endurance of adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective:To quantify any correlation between the severity of spinal curvature of an adolescent with idiopathic scoliosis and their cardiopulmonary exercise endurance.Methods:The cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) results and the full-length spinal X-rays in a standing position of 64 adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis were reviewed retrospectively. Independent t-tests were used to compare the two datasets obtained from those with left or right thoracic scoliosis. The correlation between the Cobb angle and cardiopulmonary exercise endurance was analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficients, multiple factor linear regression and two-stage linear regression.Results:After adjusting for gender, age, height and weight, the multiple linear regression analysis showed that the Cobb angle was significantly negatively correlated with maximum tidal volume (β=-0.013) and significantly positively correlated with the rate of respiration (β=0.421). The relationship between the Cobb angle and cardiopulmonary exercise endurance was non-linear. With a Cobb angle > 34°, a 1° increase reduces cardiopulmonary exercise endurance by a factor of 1.4 on average. At smaller Cobb angles the corresponding increase is about 0.87 times.Conclusions:The Cobb angle is a negative predictor of ventilation during exercise among adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis. The more severe a patient′s spinal curvature, the lower the cardiopulmonary exercise endurance is likely to be.

Consideration on the Research and Development of New Drugs for Rare Tumors / 中国肺癌杂志

In recent years, China's anti-tumor drugs has shown a continuous growth trend, and the activity of anti-tumor research and development in China accounts for a higher proportion in the world. However, further analysis of research and development hotspots show that the research and development of anti-tumor drugs is uneven among different tumor types. Due to the small number of the patients, it is difficult to conduct clinical trials, resulting in less drug development in the field of rare tumors. However, patients' treatment needs will also bring potential opportunities for pharmaceutical companies. The development of basic research and the discovery of new molecular tumor typing make "rare tumors" a dynamic concept. The scope of "rare tumors" may gradually expand with the precise development of treatment; or as the knowledge of tumors gradually develops from histocytology to the molecular level, It is possible that certain tumors with specific mutations can be combined into a group of non-rare "pan-tumors". Rare tumors are characterized by both rare diseases and tumors. Its drug research and development should not only meet the requirements of tumor drug research and development, but also adapt to the characteristics of rare diseases. Therefore, in the drug research and development, we can refer to the research and development principle of rare disease drugs, combine with the characteristics of tumor diseases, make full use of non-rare tumor clinical trials, make full use of scientific tools and exquisite trial design, and realize the promotion of the research and development of rare tumor drugs. This paper will summarize the thoughts in the review of new drugs in the field of rare tumors, in order to provide guidance for the industry.
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Study of feasibility of exchanging intensity-modulated radiotherapy plans after beam matching on two Linacs / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective:To explore the feasibility of the clinical implementation of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plans with 6MV photon on two Elekta Linacs (Versa HD and Synergy) after beam matching.Methods:The images of 12 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma, central lung cancer and prostate cancer were randomly selected, and the IMRT and VMAT plans were designed. Two different dose tools of ionization chamber and three-dimensional detector ArcCheck were used to verify the individualized radiation treatment of 6MV photon beams on two Linacs and compare the differences.Results:The deviations between the doses of two Linacs (Versa HD and Synergy) measured by the ion chamber and treatment planning system were (0.32±1.32)% and (0.54±1.29)%. The differences of all plans were within the range of ±3%, and the deviations of the point dose between two Linacs were within the range of ±2% with no statistical significance (both P>0.05). The γ analysis of verification using ArcCheck showed that the passing rates of all plans under the 2mm/3% and 3mm/3% with 10% threshold conditions were over 95%, respectively. The average differences between two Linacs were 0.19%(2mm/3%) and 0.09%(3mm/3%). Conclusions:The results of performing IMRT/VMAT plans on two Linacs meet the clinical requirements and the differences between two Linacs are small. Hence, the same plans can be implemented interchangeably on different Linacs.

Application of microteaching method combined with hierarchical standardized post skills training in the teaching of standardized training for nurses in endocrinology department / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To explore the application of microteaching combined with hierarchical training in the teaching of standardized training for nurses in the department of endocrinology.Methods:A total of 80 nurses in the endocrinology department from February 2020 to February 2021 were selected and randomly divided into a control group and a study group, with 40 ones in each group. The control group adopted traditional teaching and the research group adopted microteaching combined with hierarchical training. After the standardized training, the two groups of nurses were subjected to theoretical assessment, practical skills assessment, clinical practice ability improvement, the satisfaction of the assessment team and inpatients with the nurses, and the incidence of adverse events during the standardized training of the two groups of nurses. SPSS 22.0 was performed for t test and chi-square test. Results:After the training, the research group's theoretical and practical skills assessment scores were better than those of the control group, with statistically significant differences ( P<0.001); the improvement of clinical practice ability of the research group was better than that of the control group, with statistical significance ( P<0.001); the satisfaction rate of nurses in the research group (assessment group and patients) was better than that of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.001). During the standardized training of nurses, there were statistically significant differences in the incidence of adverse events between the two groups of nurses ( χ2=5.165, P=0.023). Conclusion:The application of microteaching combined with hierarchical training can help improve the level of theoretical and practical skills of nurses in the endocrinology department, improve nurses' clinical work ability and patient satisfaction rate, effectively reduce the incidence of adverse events, and build a harmonious relationship between doctors, nurses and patients.

Visualization analysis of research hotspots in non-surgical treatments for idiopathic scoliosis / 中华全科医师杂志

Objective:To visualize the research hot spots and frontiers of non-surgical treatments for idiopathic scoliosis (IS) based on CiteSpace.Methods:The Web of Science Core Database and China National Knowledge Infrastructure from 1990 to 2020 were searched for studies of non-surgical treatments of idiopathic scoliosis. The time, distributions of nations, institutions, academic disciplines and keywords of literature were analyzed. With CiteSpace 5.7.R4 and Excel 2017, the visualized knowledge graphs and the data tables were generated.Results:A total of 822 studies including 548 articles in English and 274 articles in Chinese were retrieved, including 378 articles published during 2015—2020. The top three nations with higher number of published articles were USA (114 studies), Canada (77 studies) and China (68 studies). Studies covered 33 disciplines, including rehabilitation, engineering and orthopedics, and the betweenness centrality of rehabilitation medicine was the highest (0.59). The non-surgical treatment research was focused on adolescents (187 studies) and brace treatment (116 studies). From 1990 to 2014, the non-surgical treatment of IS mainly focused on the brace treatment (70.4%,69/98) in domestic studies. After 2014, comprehensive treatments such as exercise therapy and manual therapy gradually became the research trend in this field (61.3%,92/150). Research hotspots included different forms of brace treatment (betweenness centrality: 0.31), exercise (6 studies), manual therapy (3 studies), guide of medicine (2 studies), acupuncture therapy (2 studies) of non-surgical treatments. Among top 30 research institutions for domestic publication of Chinese literature, there were 22 tertiary hospitals, 1 secondary hospital, 5 schools, 1 comprehensive rehabilitation service organization, and 1 community health service center.Conclusion:The research content of non-surgical treatment for idiopathic scoliosis tends to be diversified, comprehensive treatment of exercise therapy, brace therapy, and manual therapy are currently the main research hotspots.

Risk factors for infection of biofilm-positive Klebsiella pneumonia and prognosis of patients / 中华临床感染病杂志

Objective:To investigate risk factors for infection of biofilm-forming Klebsiella pneumonia and prognosis of patients. Methods:The clinical data of 125 patients with Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infection admitted in Tianjin Medical University General Hospital from January to December 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. According to the presence of Klebsiella pneumoniae biofilm, patients were divided into biofilm positive group ( n=81) and biofim negative group ( n=44). In biofilm positive group 17 patients died (fatal group) and 64 survived (survival group) during 3-month follow-up. The antimicrobial resistance of the strains was analyzed, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the risk factors of biofilm-forming Klebsiella pneumoniae infection and the risk factors of death in biofilm positive group. Results:A total of 125 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae were isolated from 125 patients, of which 81(64.80%) strains were biofilm positive. Antimicrobial resistance analysis showed that the resistance rate of biofilm positive group to aztreonam, amikacin, ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin was significantly higher than that in the biofilm negative group ( χ2=5.94, 4.03, 5.05 and 4.15, P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that endotracheal intubation ( OR=3.460, 95% CI 2.890-14.445, P<0.05) and administration of immunosuppressants ( OR=6.945, 95% CI 1.160-21.567, P<0.05) within 3 months before infection were independent risk factors for biofilm-forming Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infection. The use of tegacycline ( OR=4.886, 95% CI 1.123-21.263, P<0.05) within 3 months before death was independent risk factors for the death of biofilm-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infection. Conclusions:In order to reduce the incidence and fatality of biofilm-forming Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infection, antibiotics should be used rationally and invasive procedures should be minimized.

Clinical research and drug review of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors in advanced non-small cell lung cancer / 中华肿瘤杂志

Lung cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the most common cause of cancer mortality in China. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for about 85% of lung cancers. The mutation rate of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene is relatively high, accounts for 32%~38% of all NSCLC. During the last decade, the application of EGFR specific tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) significantly improved prognosis of NSCLC patients with sensitive EGFR mutations. Thus, the research and development of third generation EGFR-TKI have entered the period of rapid development. The fourth generation EGFR-TKI which targeting EGFR C797S has even begun clinical development in China. This review will discuss the clinical research and drug review of EGFR-TKI from the perspective of drug review.

Study on the accuracy of MRI for cervical cancer staging / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To investigate the value of MRI in the staging of cervical cancer.Methods 9 7 patients with cervical cancer were selected,were detected by conventional MRI sequence (T1 WI,T2 WI)and DWI scan.Results Routine MRI diagnosis of cervical cancer staging and pathological stage Kappa value were 0.840,P＜0.05,the consistency was excellent.The accuracy rate of routine MRI for cervical cancer staging was 89.69%,and the accuracy rates of stageⅠ,stageⅡand stageⅢwere 80.95%,89.74% and 94.59% respectively. The ADC value of stage Ⅲ cervical cancer was (0.77±0.20)×10－3 mm2/s,which were significantly lower than that of stage Ⅰ and stage Ⅱ (P ＜0.05).The ADC value of stage Ⅱ cervical cancer was (0.89±0.14)×10－3 mm2/s,which was significantly lower than that of stageⅠ(P＜0.05).The ADC value of poorly differentiated cervical cancer was (0.82±0.15)×10－3 mm2/s,which was significantly lower than that of moderately high differentiation (P＜0.05).Conclusion Conventional MRI has high accuracy in the j udgment of cervical cancer staging,and has excellent consistency with pathological staging.Moreover,DWI can provide imaging reference for cervical cancer differentiation,and it is expected to be an accurate evaluation method for assessing the clinical stage of cervical cancer staging.

Progress in diagnosis and treatment of intracranial germ cell tumors in children / 国际儿科学杂志

Intracranial germ cell tumors (icGCTs) are rare extragonadal neoplasms that mostly occur in children.It is insidious,and its clinical manifestations are diverse according to the location,size of tumors and sex.It often has symptoms of diabetes insipidus,precocious puberty and other hypopituitarism in early stage.A few patients have neuropsychiatric symptoms such as hemiplegia and visual impairment.Diagnosis is mainly based on clinical manifestations,tumor markers,brain imaging,reactivity to experimental radiotherapy and pathological biopsy.Treatment is mainly a combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy.Postoperatively,multiple pituitary hormone deficiency is common,and life-long hormone replacement therapy is adopted to ensure growth and development of the children.This article reviews the early diagnosis and treatment of intracranial germ cell tumors.

Intervention provided by family doctors improves loneliness status for people who lost their only child / 中华全科医师杂志

Objective To investigate the intervention of family doctor management system on the loneliness in people who lost their only child.Methods Sixty two residents who lost their only child in Shanghai Xujiahui district were enrolled in the study from December 2015 to June 2016.The participants were randomly divided into study group and control group with 31 cases in each group;the participants in study group were signed by family doctors and the psychological intervention was provided,those in control group had no intervention,the participants were followed up for 6 months,the psychological status was evaluated with UCLA loneliness scale in two groups.Results There were no significant differences in UCLA scores (63.26 ±7.17 vs.60.03 ±7.59,t =1.709,P ＞0.05) and in the severity of loneliness (mild 0/30 vs.1/31,moderate 9/30 vs.11/31,severe 21/30 vs.19/31,x2 =1.284,P ＞ 0.05) between study and control groups before the intervention.There were significant differences in UCLA scores (63.26 ±7.17 vs.40.13 ± 5.61,t =15.631,P ＜ 0.05) and in the severity of loneliness (mild 0/30 vs.17/30,moderate 9/30 vs.13/30,severe 21/30 vs.0/30,x2 =38.727,P ＜ 0.05) before and after 6 months of intervention in study group;while there were no significant changes in UCLA score (60.03 ± 7.59 vs.59.64 ± 6.90,t =0.650,P ＞ 0.05) and in the severity of loneliness (mild 1/31 vs.0/31,moderate 11/31 vs.14/31,severe 19/31 vs.17/30,x2 =1.471,P ＞ 0.05) in control group after 6-month follow-up.The UCLA scores (40.13 ±5.61 vs.59.64 ±6.90,t =12.086,P＜0.05) and the severity of loneliness (mild 17/30 vs.0/31,moderate 13/30 vs.14/31,severe 0/30 vs.17/31,x2 =34.030,P ＜ 0.05) in study group were significantly lower than those in control group after intervention.Conclusion The family doctor management system can improve the loneliness and mental health status of people who lost the only child,to reduce the risk of mental illness and the family and social burden.

Meta-analysis on efficacy and adverse effects of neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with capecitabine in treatment of breast cancer / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To explore the efficacy and adverse effects of docetaxel combined with capecitabine on the basis of anthracycline in the treatment of breast cancer patient on the basis of anthracycline,and to provide evidence-based medicine evidence for the clinical application of capecitabine.Methods:PubMed,EMBase,CNKI,VIP and Wanfang database were used to search the randomized controlled trials in which the breast cancer patients were treated by docetaxel combined with capecitabine and docetaxel alone.The qualities of the included studies were assessed by the modified Jadad scale.The effective data were extracted and the pathologic complete remission (pCR),recurrence-free survival (RFS),disease-free survival (DFS)and safety were evaluated by RevMan 5.3 software.Results:A total of 10 articles were included,including 12012 patients.The Meta-analysis results showed that there were no statistically significant differences in pCR (RR=1.04,95%CI:0.91-1.18,P =0.59),RFS (RR=0.86,95%CI:0.71 - 1.03,P = 0.10)and DFS (RR= 0.98,95% CI:0.86 - 1.11,P = 0.71)between docetaxel combined with capecitabine and docetaxel alone. The clinical safety analysis results showed that the patients treated with docetaxel combined with capecitabine were susceptible to hand-foot syndrome (OR= 7.13, 95%CI:4.76-10.69,P <0.001)and stomatitis (OR = 1.93,95%CI:1.10-3.40,P =0.02).Conclusion:On the basis of anthracycline treatment,the efficacies of docetaxel combined with capecitabine and docetaxel alone in the treatment of the breast cancer patients are similar.The former is more likely to cause the hand-foot syndrome and stomatitis.

Expression of calpains and calpastatin in diaphragm of a rat model of COPD / 实用医学杂志

Objective To investigate the expression of calpains and calpastatin in diaphragm of a rat model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD). Methods Fotry male Wistar rats were randomly divided into the control group and the COPD group. Rats in the COPD group were copied by expo -sing to cigarettes smoking and dripping lipopolysaccharide into trachea. Pathological changes of lung and diaphragm were deteted. Immunohis-tochemistry and RT-PCR were performed to determine protein and mRNA expression of calapins and calpastatin. Results Diaphragmatic atrophy was observed in rats in the COPD group instead of the control group. The protein and mRNA expression of calpains in diaphrag-m of COPD group were Increased than those in the control group(P < 0.05). On the contrary ,the expression of calpastatin was significantly reduced in rats in the COPD group(t =-9.38 and-2.97;P < 0.001 ,P = 0.005). Conclusions An imbalance in the expression of calpains/calpastatin in diaphragm was observed in COPD rats ,and this imbalance may be responsible for diaphragm atrophy.

Endoscopic removal of a dental foreign body from maxillary sinus via anterior prelacrimal recess approach: a case report / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

We present a rare case of dental foreign body from maxillary sinus in a 21-year woman who was hospitalized because of oral cavity and nasal sinus leak for 3 months when doing cheek-bulging action. Admission diagnosis :dental maxillary sinus"foreign body" (left); chronic maxillary sinusitis (left). Computed tomographic scan showed irregular high density shadow in the left maxillary sinus. The "foreign body" was removed via anteri- or prelacrimal recess approach, which was supposed to be the iatrogenic foreign body - alveolar bone.

Research advances in diagnosis and treatment of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis / 临床肝胆病杂志

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a common complication of cirrhotic ascites, and has a high incidence rate, rapid progression, and a high fatality rate. At present, there are no uniform diagnostic criteria for SBP at home and abroad. Some patients do not have the typical clinical symptoms of SBP, and therefore, missed diagnosis might occur in such patients and the patient′s condition might be delayed. This article reviews the advances in the diagnosis, pathogenesis, and treatment of SBP, in order to provide a reference to clinical physicians, increase the diagnostic rate of SBP, reduce clinical fatality rate, and improve patients′ prognosis.

Clinical scheme design of in vitro tumor diagnostic reagents / 中华检验医学杂志

Cancer is a serious threat to human health with high morbidity and high mortality , using vitro tumor diagnostic reagents can improve the level of diagnosis and treatment.In order to develop the value of in vitro tumor diagnostic reagents in clinical use , this article would analyze “in vitro diagnostic reagents technical guidelines for clinical research” ,“in vitro diagnostic reagents registration” and other laws and regulations ,as well as the development of research in domestic and foreign.To discuss the clinical scheme design and development trend of in vitro tumor diagnostic reagents.

Genotyping and drug resistance analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from China / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective To study the genotypes of representative Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tuberculosis) strains from China with spacer oligonucleotide typing (spoligotyping),and to investigate the prevalence of different genotypes TB in China,and analyse the relationship between genotype and drug resistance.Methods 4017 clinical isolates were collected by Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention from 2007 to 2008 in 31 provinces in China according to sampling principle of epidemiology.Drug susceptibility testing was performed using proportion method,and spoligotyping was chosen to carry out genotyping of these M.tuberculosis.In addition,chi-square test was used to compare the differences among the detection rate of different genotypes.Results Among the 4017 M.tuberculosis isolates,2500 ( 62.2％ ) isolates belonged to Beijing genotype.The percentage of Beijing genotypes in the northern of China was higher than that in the southern of China ( 76.5％ vs.53.2％,x2 =219.69,P ＜ 0.05 ),while T1 genotypes were more common in the southern China,compared with that in northern China ( 13.3％ vs.4.3％,x2 =219.69,P ＜ 0.05 ).The differences were statistically significant.The proportions of Rifampinresistant (21.7％ vs.21.7％ ),Ofloxacin-resistant (4.9％ vs.2.4％ ) and Multidrug-resistant ( 11.3％vs.7.4％ ) isolates among Beijing genotype strains were significantly higher than those among non-Beijing strains (x2 =22.10,14.42 and 14.83,respectively,P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions Beijing genotype was still predominant epidemic genotypes.The percentage of Beijing genotype showed difference between distinct areas,and the percentage of Beijing genotypes in northern China was higher than that in southern China.Beijing genotype strains reveal correlation with Rifampin-resistance,Ofloxacin-resistance and Multidrug-resistance.

Evaluation of mycolic acid analysis in identification of Mycobacterium species through SMIS / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective To evaluate the usefulness of mycolic acid for identification of Mycobacterium species using SMIS. Methods One hundred and eighteen clinical Mycobacterium isolates collected from Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute through whole year of 2007 were analyzed. The 118 isolates contain 25 isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and 93 non tuberculosis Mycobacterium identified by PNB method. Mycolic acid analysis using SMIS is evaluated for identification of a broad range of Mycobacteria in comparison with 16S rDNA , 16-23S rDNA ITS sequencing to measure the concordance rate and agreement, and verify the concordance rate and agreement among results of mycolic acid, sequencing and PNB in identifying Mycobacterium tuberculosis and non tuberculosis Mycobacterium. Results The concordance rate between mycolic acid method analysis and DNA sequencing is 92% ( 108/118), of which concordance rate in Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and non tuberculosis Mycobacterium are 95% (35/37) and 90% (73/81) respectively, agreement of both is great( agreement Kappa value is 0. 96). Through retrospective analysis, the concordance of results between SMIS and PNB method analysis is 90% (106/118)and agreement is well( agreement Kappa value is 0. 73 ), the concordance of results between sequencing and PNB method analysis is also 90% ( 106/118 ) and agreement is well (agreement Kappa value is 0. 74 ),despite the identification results of 11 isolates by PNB method are discordant. Conclusion Mycolic acid analysis by SMIS enables rapid identification of a broad range of clinical Mycobacterium species, which could play an important role in polyphasic identification of Mycobacterium species.

Effect of Acupuncture of "Taixi" (KI 3) on Protein Expression in the Renal Tissues of Healthy Rats / 针刺研究

Objective To observe the changes of renal protein expression after electroacupuncture (EA) of "Taixi" (KI 3) of the Kidney Meridian of Foot-Shaoyin in healthy rats so as to explore the relationship between KI 3 and the Kidney. Methods Twelve adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group (n=6) and EA group (n=6). EA (2 Hz/100 Hz,2-4 mA) was applied to bilateral KI 3 for 20 min,once a day for 7 days. Under anesthesia,the rats were perfused transcardiacally with ice saline and their kidneys removed for extracting the total proteins and assaying the differentially expressed proteins with two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE),Image MasterTM 2 D Platinum Software and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) MALDI-TOF-MS,respectively. Results Image MasterTM 2 D Platinum Software analysis showed that after EA,9 protein points of the kidney tissues expressed differentially above 3-fold in comparison with control group were upregulated,2 of which were identified to be NAD-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase and Quinone reductase. No downregulated differentially expressed proteins were found in the kidney tissues. Conclusion EA of "Taixi" (KI 3) can increase the expression of NAD-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase and Quinone reductase in the kidney tissue,suggesting an increase of energy metabolism after EA and a close correlation between the KI 3 (Source-point) and the Kidney.

Therapeutic effect of syringin on adjuvant arthritis in rats and its mechanisms / 药学学报

This study is to investigate the therapeutic effect of syringin on adjuvant arthritis (AA) in rats and its mechanisms. Complete Freund's adjuvant (FCA) was used to induce AA in rats. Secondary paw swelling of AA rats was measured with volume meter. Pain response and polyarthritis index were scored. Meanwhile, splenic lymphocyte proliferation response induced by concanavalin A (ConA) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was examined with MTT assay. IL-2 production of splenic lymphocytes and IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha production of peritoneal macrophage (PM phi) were estimated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The secondary inflammation of AA rats appeared on the 14th day after injection of FCA. Syringin and tripterygium glycosides (TG) were given by intragastric administration for 16 days from the 14th day. Treatment of AA rats with syringin and TG from the 22th day significantly attenuated the secondary hind paw swelling, as well as relieved the pain response and the polyarthritic symptoms of the whole body as compared with that of the AA model group. The suppressed lymphocyte proliferation and IL-2 production of splenic lymphocytes in AA rats were reversed by treatment with syringin. Meanwhile, syringin remarkably down-regulated IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha productions from PM phi. These results indicate that anti-inflammatory effects of syringin on AA rats are mediated by modulating the immune function of abnormal cells and the balance of cytokines.

Effect of Echinacoside on immune function and mitochondrial DNA relative content of aging mice / 中国药理学通报

Aim To study the effect of Echinacoside on immune function and the hepatocyte mitochondrial DNA relative content of experimentally aging model mice. Methods Mice were given sc 10%D-galactose 10 ml?kg-1,once daily for 8 weeks to establish the model of aging mice. Vitamin E group ,and ECH groups were given ig Vitamin E 40 mg?kg-1 and ECH 20,40,60 mg?kg-1,respectively at one time. The interleukin-2(IL-2) and interleukin-6(IL-6) content in peripheral blood was measured by ELISA method.Phagocytosis of peritoneal macrophages was tested by neutral red test. Proliferation and transformation of spleen lymphocytes induced by ConA were determined by MTT method. The mitochondrial DNA relative content of liver cells was measured by the means of SDS alkali decomposition from liver.Results The IL-2 content,phagocytosis of peritoneal macrophages and proliferation of spleen lymphocytes were obviously decreased in the aging model group as compared with those in the normal control group.The IL-6 content and mitochondrial DNA relative content of liver cells were significantly increased. ECH 20,40,60 mg?kg-1 and Vitamin E 40 mg?kg-1 could improve the IL-2 content,phagocytosis of peritoneal macrophages and transformation of spleen lymphocytes,and reduce the IL-6 content and mitochondrial DNA relative content of liver cells. Conclusion ECH can enhance immune function and reduce the mitochondrial DNA relative content of liver cells,which may be one of the mechanisms of anti-aging.